Peoples & Tribes of Sudan

Core SAF support base; government administration in Port Sudan

Mixed SAF/RSF loyalties; heavily displaced from Gezira offensive

SAF recruitment heartland; Merowe & Dongola corridor

Mostly SAF-aligned; humanitarian crisis in displacement camps

ESF allied with SAF; control eastern routes to Port Sudan

Key ESF fighters; contested border with Eritrea

Split between RSF, SLA factions, and civilian militias; mass displacement

Dominant in RSF leadership & rank-and-file; gold trade networks

RSF allied; involved in Darfur Arab militia dynamics vs Fur/Masalit

Civilian defense groups; severe atrocity victim community

Contested between RSF and SAF-allied groups

RSF-aligned militias; oil corridor & grazing route conflicts

SPLM-N vs RSF/SAF; siege of Kadugli region

Contested Gezira–Blue Nile corridor; RSF advance 2023–24

Cross-border dynamics; Ngok Dinka vs Misseriya

Refugee flows; militia recruitment across border

Border instability; SAF/RSF recruitment pressure